World Crisis Chronology
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COLOMBIA

10/13/2024
Army reenters the regional capital of El Plateo in Argelia, to clear if of FARC dissidents.
05/02/2024
Gulf Clan demands to be accepted as a political party, not a para-military group and that its members be released from jail.
03/19/2024
The Gulf Clan accepts Petro’s offer, denying that it is involved in migrant trafficking and saying that it will negotiate for social transformation of the regions it represents.
03/18/2024
Petro offers to open negotiations with the drug cartel known as Gulf Clan, which calls itself a politico-military group, the Gaitanista Self-Defense Forces of Colombia. The group has been an obstacle in Petro’s efforts to arrange peace agreements with the various rebel groups. Petro dares them to leave “the illicit economy and illegality,” to stop taxing local businesses, and to end migrant trafficking.
02/28/2024
Government suspends arms purchases from Israel. Petro denounces Gaza war as genocide.
10/31/2023
Chile and Colombia recall their ambassadors to Israel for consultation over the invasions of Gaza.
06/09/2023
Government and National Liberation Army (ELN) agree to a six-month nationwide ceasefire beginning 8/3/23, following a series of steps to be negotiated.
05/07/2023
Government sends Venezuelan refugees who were stranded at the border with Peru back to Venezuela, angering Peru government.
04/26/2023
Petro replaces seven ministers, notably the centrist ones, as he tries to get his healthcare reform moving forward. Even one of his allies, Congress President Roy Barreres, expresses dismay.
03/20/2023
Government is forced to suspend ceasefire with the Clan del Golfo, the most powerful and violent of the narco-traffickers in the country.
03/01/2023
A clash over healthcare and education reforms has provoked the first reshuffle of Petro’s government since he took power last August. Petro’s plans to expand the government’s role in both sectors drew a public backlash from several of his more centrist cabinet officials. Among them was Education Minister Alejandro Gaviria, whom Petro fired along with the ministers of sport and culture.
01/10/2023
Vice-president Francia Marquez says security discovered and defused a bomb planted near her home in an apparent assassination plot
01/10/2023
Vice-president Francia Marquez says security discovered and defused a bomb planted near her home in an apparent assassination plot.
01/01/2023
Government announces six-month ceasefire agreement with thee five largest militarized dissident groups, including the ELN.
12/19/2022
National Liberation Army (ELN) announces unilateral ceasefire until 1/2/23. Peace talks with the government will continue.
11/01/2022
Colombian President Petro and Venezuelan President Maduro meet to discuss regional issues. Venezuela hopes to be more accepted by the Latin American community and Petro hopes for Venezuela’s help with the ELN guerrilla group, which has so far refused to negotiate with the government.
10/03/2022
US Secretary of State Anthony Blinken and President Petro meet. Petro has recently said that the war on drugs has “failed” and that cocaine and some other drugs should be decriminalized, in part because the US drug problem is more about synthetic drugs such as fentanyl. He has also restored some ties with Venezuela and believes Cuba should be less isolated in the international community. While acknowledging differences, Blinken addressed the issues moderately.
08/29/2022
Colombia and Venezuela restore diplomatic relations.
07/06/2022
Petro calls for a “bilateral ceasefire” and new negotiations with the National Liberation Army (ELN), the last rebel group that has not agreed to lay down its arms.


06/19/2022
Petro elected president
In voting today, Petro wins with just over 50% of the vote to Hernandez’s 47%.
05/29/2022
In voting today, with results announced on 5/30, Petro wins about 40% of the vote and populist businessman Hernández about 28%. Those two will face each other in a runoff on 6/19. Gutierrez wins about 23%. Hernández’s strong late showing indicates a dissatisfaction with the political mainstream. independent populist tycoon who surged late in the campaign with an anti-corruption message. The two will head to a runoff on June 19. Both promise a radical reorientation of the country at a time of high inequality, rising violence, and simmering social tensions. For Petro, the answer lies in super-taxing the rich, massively expanding the social safety net, and decarbonizing the economy. Hernández, meanwhile, wants to slash taxes, shrink the state bureaucracy, and even legalize cocaine.
05/18/2022
Petro remains substantially ahead in the polls for the election 5/29/22.
05/09/2022
After the government extradites drug lord “Otoniel” to the US for trial, drug gangs, led by the Clan del Golfo, wreak violence in northern Colombia. Presidential aspirant Gustavo Petro blames the Alvaro policies. Right-wing candidate, populist wealthy businessman Rudolfo “Fico” Gutierrez calls on Colombians to condemn the violence and call for crackdown on the gangs. Gutierrez’s anti-corruption message, along with his proposals to slash taxes, shrink the state bureaucracy, and even legalize cocaine seem to resonate with Colombians who want change but not leftist change. The first round of elections is 5/29.
03/13/2022
Gustavo Petro of Historic Pact coalition takes a commanding lead in presidential voting. Petro is a former guerilla and former mayor of Bogotá who now has strong support in establishment politics. Results for parliamentary elections to come, though it seems that no coalition will be able to form a majority.
01/03/2022
Fighting between rebel groups (the National Army of Liberation (ELN) and dissident members of FARC) near the Venezuelan border kills scores.
10/05/2021
Venezuela and Colombia reopen their mutual border.
08/09/2021
Nicaragua recalls its ambassadors to Argentina, Colombia, Costa Rica, and Mexico for “consultations,” after these countries recall their ambassadors following the anti-democratic behavior of the Nicaraguan government.
06/30/2021
Large protests across the country about police brutality and the economic devastation caused by COVID-19.
05/12/2021
Protests continue.
05/06/2021
Eighth day of protests. Protestors are tear gassed.
05/02/2021
Duqué withdraws his tax reform proposal, though he insists it is necessary. The National Strike Committee calls for continued protests.
04/30/2021
COVID-19 ravaging South America, in part due to massive outbreak of variant and ineffective response to it in Brazil. Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru all record highest death toll.
04/29/2021
Protests continue.
04/28/2021
Protests erupt against Duqué over his proposal for increased taxes and healthcare reform. Severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, Colombia has seen its economy collapse and unemployment soar.
02/07/2021
Colombia gives temporary, 10-year legal status to refugees from Venezuela. They may apply for citizenship after that.
10/19/2020
Indigenous protestors demand a meeting with Duque to discuss violence against indigenous people that has arisen after the peace agreement with FARC, as local gangs fight over the drug route and areas formerly controlled by FARC. Student groups and trade unions also call for a national strike on 10/21.
09/09/2020
Violent clashes between police and protestors after a taxi driver is tasered by police. Ten are killed and more than three hundred injured.
05/15/2020
Government allows essential workers to return to work. Colombia has about 14,000 cases and more than 500 deaths.
05/04/2020
Commander of Colombian Military Forces General Luis Fernando Navarro says that spying will be rooted out and was the work of a rogue group within the military.
05/01/2020
Eleven military officials are removed and one general resigns due to revelations of electronic spying on journalists, politicians, and judges.
04/20/2020
Government extends stay-at-home order to 5/11 but allows construction and manufacturing to resume. Colombia has about 4000 confirmed cases and 200 deaths.
04/08/2020
Murder rates drop significantly, perhaps due to quarantine due to COVID-19.
03/06/2020
Colombia confirms its first case of COVID-19.
12/04/2019
Opposition continues with national protest march as talks show little progress.
11/27/2019
Protests decrease in intensity. Major union calls for new strike on 12/4.
11/24/2019
Pres Duque opens dialogue with mayors and governors from around the country. Protestors are skeptical.
11/22/2019
Hundreds of thousands join protest.
11/20/2019
Government announces plan to close its border to contain mass strikes and protests beginning 11/21. There are multiple areas of discontent: the slow pace of implementing the peace agreement with FARC, killings of local leaders, and governmental inactivity and corruption.
09/10/2019
Venezuela sends 150,000 troops to Colombia border, ostensibly to defend against an attack, although there are no indications that any attack is going to happen.
09/01/2019
Morales blamed for devastating wildfires, due to a law he advocated that encouraged burning brush for farmland and grazing.
08/29/2019
FARC rebels say they're about to restart their insurgency, which they're referring to as "new era of struggle to awake consciousness," because of failure to implement the terms of a 2016 peace deal.
06/08/2019
Venezuela reopens border with Colombia.
05/29/2019
Court orders the release of the head of FARC, Seuxis Hernandez (known by his nom de guerre, Jesus Santrich), jailed on US drug charges. Duque wants to extradite him to the US. He was recently freed from jail when a court ruled that he could not be extradited, but was jailed again almost immediately on new charges. He may now take his seat in the legislature.
05/22/2019
Military says it will modify its policy regarding criminals and militants.
05/20/2019
Media reports that in 1/19, the military ordered its units to double the number of suspected criminals and militants it reported killed or captured. It was reported to be frustrated with the slow pace of peace negotiations. Two years after the agreement with FARC, little has happened, and some militants have returned to fighting. Others never signed the agreement.
04/09/2019
Government says it has uncovered an assassination plot against President Duque by indigenous groups that have been protesting for weeks about the rights to land and sovereignty.
04/06/2019
Government agrees to invest $250 million in indigenous communities, which have been demonstrating for more recognition, the “minga” protests, which have blockaded transportation in the state of Cauca.
02/23/2019
Clashes at several points along both the borders with Colombia and Brazil between military and opposition attempting to deliver humanitarian aid. Hundreds are injured in Colombia and more are killed in Brazil. Venezuela breaks off diplomatic relations with Colombia.
09/26/2018
Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Peru and Paraguay, joined by Canada, submit a complaint against Venezuela with the International Criminal Court for crimes against humanity.
08/09/2018
Palestine says that the previous administration in Colombia recognized Palestine as an independent state on 8/3. Israel objects and the Duque administration says it will review the decision.


06/17/2018
Duque elected president
Businessman Ivan Duque is elected president of Colombia. He has vowed to renegotiate the peace agreement with FARC. Many believe that FARC members were handled too leniently in the agreement.
01/25/2018
Government says it will not recognize outcome of upcoming presidential election in Venezuela.
01/23/2018
More than 500,000 Venezuelans said to have migrated to Colombia.
12/14/2017
Colombia’s largest criminal gang begins unilateral ceasefire to help “bring about peace.”
11/01/2017
FARC leader Rodrigo “Timochenko” Londono announces run for presidency of Colombia in 2018.