Prachanda wins vote of confidence in parliament with the support of the Nepali Congress Party.

The Unified Marxist-Leninist Party (UML) leaves the governing coalition after Prime Minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal (Prachandra) voices support for the Congress Party’s presidential candidate, Ram Chandra Paudel. Prachandra cannot run again. Prachandra had previously said he would support the UML’s candidate. The withdrawal forces Prachandra to call for a vote of confidence. Congress and several provincial assemblies will vote for the president, a largely ceremonial position, on 3/9. The UML is the third party to withdraw from the governing coalition, but Prachandra has recently secured the support of the Congress Party, so he will likely win the vote of confidence.

Prachanda again named prime minister after his Maoist Centrist Party agrees to a coalition with the Unified Marxist-Leninist Party. Prachanda will serve as prime minister until 2025, when the UML will name the prime minister. Prachanda left a coalition with Deuba’s Nepali Congress Party when Deuba refused to name him prime minister. The Maoist Center Party controls 32 seats the UML 78 seats, the remaining 28 needed to have a majority in parliament will come from smaller parties. The Nepali Congress controls 89 seats. Prachanda will have a difficult time controlling the multiple parties in the coalition. Inflation is high and their foreign exchange reserve is diminishing.

Sher Bahadur Deuba likely to remain prime minister as Nepali Congress party and four coalition partners win 136 seats in the legislature, according to official results.

Elections for the House of Representatives. The governing coalition, the Democratic Left Alliance, (Nepali Congress, CPN (Maoist Centre), CPN (Unified Socialist), People's Socialist Party and Rastriya Janamorcha) initially campaigned together. However, the Nepal Socialist Party led by former prime Minister Baburam Bhattarai decided to contest the election under the election symbol and manifesto of CPN (Maoist Centre). Later, the People's Socialist Party broke away from the alliance and the alliance brought in other candidates from other parties. Many younger candidates contested elections and some won, signaling dissatisfaction with the long-ruling leaders of the main parties.

Police tear gas protestors objecting to infrastructure grant from the US that they say overrides Nepali laws and damages the country’s autonomy.

Supreme Court rules that Oli’s order dissolving the legislature in 5/21 was unconstitutional and removes him as prime minister. In recognition of the opposition being denied an opportunity to form a government, the Court orders that Sher Bahadur Deuba become prime minister.

President Bhandari dissolves parliament after it becomes clear that opposition leader Sher Bahadur Deuba of the Nepali Congress party had obtained parliamentary support to become prime minister.

Oli loses a vote of confidence and is removed from office. He has been severely criticized for a lack of response to a COVID-19 outbreak. President Bhandari calls for new elections.

Supreme Court declares the Nepal Communist Party void because another party already held that name. The party splits into the two previous parties, the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist (CPN-UML) and the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre).

Nationwide strike against the dissolution of parliament and new elections fomented against by Oli’s antagonists in the Communist Party. Seventy-seven are arrested. The Supreme Court is hearing more than a dozen petitions against the dissolution.

King dissolves parliament at PM Sharma Oli’s request. General elections to be held on 4/30/21 and 5/20/21. The NCP has withdrawn its support from Oli and has asked him to resign as its president.

Parliament approves a new map of Nepal that includes territory that India considers its own.

Government revives the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) and the Commission of Investigation on Enforced Disappeared Persons (CIEDP), which had been moribund for a year. Victims complain that the commissions are being revived under a law that grants amnesty to perpetrators, and that the government is not listening to their objections.

China Pres Xi visits.

Secessionist leader Chandra Kant Raut has signed an agreement with the government to give up his quest for a separate Madhes state. In return, the government will not prosecute him.

China and Nepal agree to build rail link between Tibet and Kathmandu.

China and Nepal agree to build rail link between Tibet and Kathmandu.

Final vote count in Nepal gives Left Alliance coalition a majority in parliament and the Provincial Assembly, signaling a shift toward affinity with China.

Second round of elections in Nepal. The Left Alliance advocates countering India’s influence with greater closeness to China, while the ruling party aims for balancing the two.

Elections in Nepal for House of Representatives and Parliament, the first since the end of the civil war and the new constitution. The Communist Party, the Unified Marxist-Leninist Party and the former Maoists have formed a coalition to oppose the ruling Nepali Congress party coalition with the former monarchists.